The author examines the political process leading to the passage of the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Act, enacted in 2000, in response to the problem of human trafficking. The author stresses that governmental responses to human trafficking can take various forms and that fully understanding the role of interest groups in the policymaking process is important for understanding antitrafficking legislation. The article identifies which interest groups participated in the processes leading to passage of the legislation, presents their goals and positions, and describes the techniques used to affect the content of the Act. The article fosters a better understanding of the U.S. policymaking processes and identifies the wide range of government and nongovernment groups involved in setting the U.S. policy on human trafficking. Figures, endnotes, and references