These discussions on research and education/training in correctional health primary care identified several areas in great need of attention in terms of implementation and testing for quality and cost-efficient outcomes that could significantly affect the health of inmates and the respective communities to which most will, at some time, return. The areas identified included harm reduction for inmates, reentry to the community, health disparities among inmates, educating patients to reduce risky activities and behaviors that might lead to reoffending, long-term outcomes, and natural history of incarceration. Findings from prior studies support the needs identified by the planning group for initiatives related to release, reentry, and connection to a health care home immediately upon release. At the March 2007, first annual Academic and Health Policy Conference on Correctional Health, the primary care strategic planning group was tasked to identify the current status of primary care research and education opportunities in academic/correctional health partnerships and to seek areas for possible future collaboration. This article presents a summary from the discussions of the primary care strategic planning group. Tables and references