The study found that observed rates of sexual addiction in the socioeconomically matched community males was consistently higher than predicted by the measurement method used to provide estimates of prevalence in the general population, but lower than in incarcerated sexual offenders. Additionally, no significant differences were found in the prevalence of problems with sexual addiction between those sexual offenders who offended against adults versus those who offended against children. Results on the prevalence of sexual addiction in incarcerated sexual offenders and socioeconomically matched community samples are presented in this paper. The study sheds light on whether sexual addiction is a problem for incarcerated sexual offenders, and whether the sexual addiction model and the measure used may provide insight into sexual preoccupation in those offenders. The measure of sexual addiction used in this work was the Carnes Sexual Addiction Screening Test (SAST). Data were derived from self-report measures completed by 231 adult males. The respondents included 114 incarcerated adult male sexual offenders, of which 47 were rapists and 67 child molesters, and 117 community nonoffenders. Data were collected from inmates prior to treatment programs in two Canadian prisons. Tables and references