This book reviews recent trends in European-style juvenile justice systems and explores diversionary and alternative dispute resolution strategies. The lines of enquiries developed within this book argue for the possibility and desirability of special treatment for children in the juvenile justice system. Part I, “Probation and Restorative Justice in Romania,” maps the competing trends and models of juvenile justice while attempting to identify where Romanian juvenile justices stands among them. The content of Part I includes: Competing Models of Juvenile Justice: Social-Legal Perspectives and Applied Research of Social Work; Juvenile Offenders Who Are Not Criminally Responsible: The Potential of Restorative Justice; and, Romanian Probation System between Past and Future. Part II, “Probation and Restorative Justice in Italy,” examines the complex problems of juvenile delinquency in Italy. The content of Part II includes: Restorative Justice: An International and Critical Overview; Juvenile Delinquency: The Italian Context; The Italian Juvenile Justice System: An Introduction; and, Probation and Educational Measures for Juveniles in Italy. Part III, “Italian and Norwegian Restorative Justice Experiences,” offers a comparative analysis of restorative justice in Italy and Norway within the frame of the European project, COST A21. The content of Part III includes: Looking into the Question of Marginalization of Juveniles by Comparing Italian and Norwegian Restorative Justice Experiences. Tables, figures, and bibliography