In 2006-2007, 8.1 percent of the U.S. population, ages 12 or older, had used an illicit drug in the past month, a percentage similar to that for the 2005-2006 surveys. Data are provided on the use of marijuana, cocaine, and pain relievers. In 2006-2007, the rate of past-month alcohol use in the States among all persons ages 12 or older ranged from a low of 30.9 percent in Utah to a high of 63.1 percent in Rhode Island. Significant increases from 2005-2006 to 2006-2007 occurred in Delaware and Massachusetts; four States showed a significant decrease in alcohol consumption: Alabama, Arizona, Idaho, and Texas. Data are provided on binge drinking and the use of alcohol by underage children and youth. Nationally, the rate of past-month use of tobacco in 2006-2007 was 29.1 percent. Colorado had an increase in tobacco use from 2005-2006 to 2006-2007; and Idaho, Massachusetts, Michigan, Montana, New York, Utah, and West Virginia had declines. Separate data are provided on the percentage of each State's population that was dependent on alcohol or illicit drugs in 2006-2007. Data are provided on those needing but not receiving treatment. Regarding mental health problems, serious psychological distress (SPD) was present in 11.1 percent of the population aged 18 or older in 2006-2007; this was statistically unchanged from the rate in 2005-2006. Hawaii, Vermont, and Washington State showed significant declines in SPD between 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 among young adults ages 18-25. 94 figures, 29 references, and appended supplementary data and information