The key findings that emerged from this study included: (1) there was no evidence that the decline in the sexual assault clear-up rate was due to an increase in time taken by police to identify, arrest, and prosecute offenders; (2) there was little evidence that the decline in sexual assault clear-up rates was due to a change in the way police defined "cleared" status; and (3) the decline in the clear-up rate appeared to be largely attributable to a decrease in the number and proportion of cases where police laid charges against an offender. Over the last decade or so, there has been a marked decline in the proportion of sexual assault incidents cleared by the NSW Police Force. With the exception of St. George-Sutherland, there were statistically significant decreases in clear-up rates in each NSW statistical division or subdivision between 1995 and 2006. The decrease in clear-up rates was uniquely associated with offenses of a sexual nature. This study assessed three plausible reasons for the decrease in sexual assault clear-up rates during this time frame. Tables, figures, references, and appendix