Focusing primarily on the rise of these four violent organizations, three organizations experienced growth and longevity because they (1) had able leadership, setting forth a clear ideological message and goals, (2) undertook concrete actions to advance their ideology and goals, (3) took advantage of political opportunities, and (4) were internally cohesive. On the other hand, the OCM's leader displayed poor judgment, and the group did not set forth a coherent message, conduct successful actions, or take advantage of opportunities. These findings have many policy implications. The rise and fall of White supremacist organizations were linked to critical events and organizational variables that enhance or disrupt groups. The findings suggest the importance of law-enforcement intelligence and analysis. This study examined the evolution of four racist far-right domestic organizations: Aryan Nations, National Alliance, PEN1, and OCM. Although all the groups are racist and antigovernment, they differ in their beliefs, religions, and criminal activities. This study focused on the rise of these four groups. It is important to investigate such groups because, although international terrorist groups like al Qaeda threaten public safety, the far right also poses a serious threat. Tables and references