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Truth About Lies: What Works in Detecting High-Stakes Deception?

NCJ Number
230066
Journal
Legal and Criminological Psychology Volume: 15 Issue: 1 Dated: February 2010 Pages: 57-75
Author(s)
Stephen Porter; Leanne ten Brinke
Date Published
February 2010
Length
19 pages
Annotation
A view of the current understanding of high-stakes lies that often occur in forensic contexts is presented.
Abstract
In this paper, a view is provided of the current understanding of high-stakes lies often occurring in forensic contexts. It underscores the importance of avoiding widespread pitfalls of deception detection and challenging prevailing assumptions concerning strategies for catching liars. The promise and limitations of each of non-verbally/body language, facial, verbal/linguistic, and physiological channels in detecting deception are discussed. In observing the absence of a single cue or behavioral channel that consistently reveals deception, a holistic approach with concurrent attention to multiple channels of a target's behavior (ideally videotaped for review) and changes from baseline behavior is recommended whenever possible. Among the best-validated cues to be considered together include: illustrators, blink and pause rate, speech rate, vague descriptions, repeated details, contextual embedding, reproduction of conversations, and emotional 'leakage' in the face. While advocating a reliance on empirical evidence, it is observed that few studies of high-stakes deception yet have been conducted. Further, some manifestations of lying are highly idiosyncratic and difficult to address in quantitative research, pointing to the need for keen observation skills, and psychological insight. A recurring theme is the need for the field to devise innovative approaches for studying high-stakes lies to promote ecological validity. Ultimately, such work will provide a strong foundation for the responsible application of deception research in forensic and security settings. References (Published Abstract)

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