The most recent study of the prevalence of elder abuse estimated that 14.1 percent of noninstitutionalized older adults had experienced physical, psychological, or sexual abuse; neglect; or financial exploitation in the past year; however, most of the prevalence studies reviewed did not ask about all types of abuse or include all types of older adults living in the community, suggesting that estimates of the extent of elder abuse are too low. Existing research identifies various factors that place older adults at greater risk of abuse. They include physical and cognitive impairments, mental problems, and low social support among victims. Regarding the consequences of elder abuse, it has been associated with negative effects on victims' health and longevity. Although State APS programs vary in their organization and eligibility criteria for interventions, they all face many of the same challenges. Elder abuse caseloads are increasing nationwide, and the cases are increasingly complex and difficult to resolve. APS program resources are not keeping pace with the challenges of this problem. State APSs also reported limited access to information on interventions and practices on how to resolve elder abuse cases. Federal activities have addressed some APS challenges, but leadership in this area is lacking. This report recommends that in coordination with the Attorney General, the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) should facilitate the development and implementation of a nationwide APS data system. Also, Congress should consider requiring a periodic study that estimates the prevalence of elder abuse. Appended data and descriptions of the study's scope and methodology