The kits were assessed and compared for sensitivity, peak height ratios at heterozygous loci, baseline noise, stutter ratio, and amplification artifacts. These performance measures were evaluated by analysis of single-source human DNA samples and a mixture series. Data are presented on the performance criteria for each kit and comparisons are made with the other kits. In noting areas for improvement, the evaluation suggests improved heterozygosity for a greater number of cycles for all the kits. Also, all kits displayed artifacts that, if removed, would facilitate data interpretation. In outlining the limitations of the kits, the evaluation notes that limitations varied with each kit based on the proprietary chemistry of the kits. DNA laboratories are advised to perform appropriate validation studies in order to establish interpretation guidelines, which should include assessment of LOD, LOQ, and stochastic threshold for each amplification kit and instrument. Training requirements and health and safety issues in using the kits are also discussed. Extensive tables and figures