A total of 70 cases were identified. The mean age was 48.9 years, 58.6 percent were men, 21.4 percent were suicides, and in 30 percent oxycodone had not been prescribed to the decedent. Injecting drug users constituted 27.1 percent of cases, and oxycodone tablets were injected immediately prior to death by 21.4 percent. The mean blood oxycodone concentration was 0.40 mg/L (range 0.06-53.00 mg/L). In all cases, psychoactive substances other than oxycodone were also detected, most frequently hypnosedatives (68.6 percent), other opioids (54.3 percent), antidepressants (41.4 percent), and alcohol (32.9 percent). Preexisting systemic disease was common: cardiovascular (64.2 percent), pulmonary (49.3 percent), hepatic (66.7 percent), and renal (43.9 percent). (Published Abstract)