With a decrease in Federal funding under the Bush administration, many excellent after-school programs have closed. Data show that the hours between after-school and evening are prime time for juvenile crimes. After-school programs not only prevent crime by keeping youth off the streets, they promote values and behaviors that work as protective factors. Another significant area that has been hurt under the Bush administration is services for at-risk youth under the Federal Juvenile Justice Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA). President Bush's last budget proposal eliminated JJDPA funding completely, replacing it with two other programs, the "Child Safety and Juvenile Justice Program" and the Byrne Justice Assistance Grant Program. The JJDPA, which was enacted in 1974, encompasses the work of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP), which supports State and local efforts in juvenile justice through research and information dissemination on juvenile justice topics. It also facilitates protections for youth with which States must comply in order to receive Federal funding. On the other hand, both programs proposed by the Bush administration to replace the JJDPA would further decrease the Federal Government's role in juvenile justice. Actions recommended for the Obama administration pertain to ending abuse in juvenile detention facilities ensuring gender-specific care for youth, addressing youth's mental health needs, providing services for children of incarcerated parents, and providing culturally and linguistically competent services. 26 notes