NINE JUDICIAL INNOVATIONS ARE EXAMINED - MANDATORY RETIREMENT AGE, SERVICE AFTER RETIREMENT, UNIFIED COURT SYSTEM, UNIFIED BAR, JUDICIAL COMPENSATION COMMISSION, JUDICIAL QUALIFICATION COMMISSION, OFFICE OF STATE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, 1972 AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION CODE OF JUDICIAL CONDUCT, AND OPERATION UNDER MODERN RULES OF CRIMINAL AND CIVIL PROCEDURE. LESS THAN HALF (4 OF 9) OF THE JUDICIAL INNOVATIONS WERE FOUND TO BE RELATED TO THE PROPENSITY OF STATES TO INITIATE INNOVATIONS IN GENERAL. FURTHERMORE, NEED FOR SERVICES, AS MEASURED BY THE CRIME RATE, WAS MORE IMPORTANT THAN THE ABILITY OF A STATE TO AFFORD INNOVATIONS IN DETERMINING WHETHER OR NOT JUDICIAL REFORMS WOULD BE INSTITUTED. THIS CRIME RATE AND A GENERAL COMMITMENT TO CRIMINAL JUSTICE WAS RELATED TO TWO JUDICIAL INNOVATIONS - THE PRESENCE OF A UNIFIED COURT SYSTEM AND AN OFFICE OF STATE COURT ADMINISTRATOR. COURT ADMINISTRATORS, PARTICULARLY THOSE IN STATES WHICH HAVE UNIFIED COURT SYSTEMS AND WHICH SPECIFICALLY DELEGATE FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES TO THE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE, WERE FOUND TO BE SUCCESSFUL FINANCIAL REPRESENTATIVES OF THE JUDICIARY. (AUTHOR ABSTRACT MODIFIED)