THIS GROUP CONSTITUTES ITS OWN PHYSICAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC SUBCULTURE BASED ON ITS 'PROFESSIONAL' ACTIVITIES-THE COMPARATIVELY WELL PLANNED ILLEGAL OPERATIONS WHICH EXTEND WELL BEYOND WHAT IS COMMONLY KNOWN AS 'BUSINESS' OR 'WHITE-COLLAR' CRIME. PREPARATORY PLANNING REQUIRES CONSIDERABLE SKILL AND THE EXECUTION REQUIRES BOTH SKILL AND NERVE, ATTRACTING SOME HIGH QUALITY OPERATORS WHO ACHIEVE A MARKED SUCCESS IN THE AVOIDANCE OF ARREST, CONVICTION, AND IMPRISONMENT, IN ADDITION, THESE INDIVIDUALS TEND TO REGARD THEIR ILLEGAL ENTERPRISES AS BUSINESS UNDERTAKINGS AND THEMSELVES AS BUSINESSMAN, AND ACT ACCORDINGLY. THE SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN THIS CATEGORY OF 'PROFESSIONAL' CRIME HAS RAISED QUESTIONS REGARDING THE VALIDITY OF TRADITIONAL CRIMINALOGICAL THEORY AND THE FUTURE DIRECTIONS AND GOALS OF CRIMINOLOGICAL RESEARCH SINCE, UP UNTIL NOW STUDY HAS CONCENTRATED UPON THE EASILY CAUGHT AND EASILY INCARCERATED TYPE OF OPERATOR AND NEGLECTED THE SUCCESSFUL PREDATOR. FUTURE CRIMINALOGICAL EFFORTS SHOULD FOCUS ON THE NON-DANGEROUS BUSINESS OR WHITE COLLAR TYPE OF CRIME AND CRIMINAL, AS WELL AS ON THE STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF RATIONAL-ECONOMIC CRIME. --IN FRENCIT,,,ELW