OFFICERS SHOULD BE CALM WHILE REASSURING THE VICTIM AND SHOULD MAKE SURE NOT TO MOVE THE PERSON IMPROPERLY OR ILLEGALLY. FIRST, THEY SHOULD CHECK VITAL SIGNS: AIRWAYS, BREATHING, AND CIRCULATION. IF THE VICTIM IS NOT IN DANGER OF DYING, OFFICERS SHOULD CHECK FOR SHOCK, ALCOHOL AND DRUG USE, AND FEVER. THE PULSE RATE SHOULD BE CHECKED EITHER BY EXAMINING THE WRIST, THE CAROTID ARTERY IN THE NECK, OR THE FEMORAL ARTERY IN THE GROIN AREA. THE NORMAL PULSE RATE FOR ADULTS IS 60 TO 100 BEATS PER MINUTE AND FOR CHILDREN 80 TO 120 BEATS PER MINUTE. OFFICERS SHOULD ALSO CHECK THE RESPIRATION RATE; THE NORMAL RATE IS 12 BREATHS PER MINUTE. THEY SHOULD THEN TAKE A TEMPERATURE AND CHECK SKIN COLOR TO SEE IF IT SEEMS ABNORMALLY WHITE, RED, OR BLUE. THEY SHOULD EXAMINE THE EYES FOR FALSE EYES OR CONTACT LENSES AND FOR CONTRACTED OR DILATED PUPILS. FINALLY, THEY SHOULD EXAMINE THE STATE OF CONSCIOUSNESS, ABILITY OF MOVEMENT TO CHECK FOR PARALYSIS, REACTION TO PAIN TO CHECK FOR SPINAL CORD DAMAGE, AND, IF THERE IS DAMAGE, A SPINAL BOARD SHOULD BE USED. THE OFFICER SHOULD ALSO LOOK FOR EMERGENCY CARDS OR TAGS ON THE PERSON. AN INSTRUCTOR'S GUIDE IS INCLUDED.