Incest is more likely to occur between fathers and daughters in families having few outside contacts, where fathers are autocratic and mothers passive, and where daughters and mothers reverse their roles. Intimacy needs in these families are met sexually. Symptoms of incest, child behavior, and problems encountered later in life, are delineated. When confronted with possible incest, the school teacher, counselor, or nurse should be sensitive, try to verify the accusation before contacting the authorities, put the child's needs first, be aware of victims' range of possible emotional reactions, and be ready to work with police and social agencies. To make appropriate referrals, school professionals should understand the similarities between physically and sexually abusing families, know the difference between rape and sexual molestation, and be aware that victims may be males as well as females. School personnel authorized to make referrals in incest cases should visit and evaluate as many appropriate helping agencies as possible and get to know personnel and services to help victims make a smooth transition to therapy or other help. Moreover, the present legal system of handling incest needs to be reviewed because courts treat this sexual offense too lightly and do not adequately protect or support its victims. Finally, sexual awareness classes in schools are recommended, and a sample elementary school course and suggestions for class activities are provided. Notes and exhibits are included.