Although no program is able to positively identify high risk families, a recent study indicates that the most reliable predictors of child abuse and neglect were the behavioral observations made in the delivery room and maternity ward. In particular, hospital staff should watch out for the following indicators: (1) sad, depressed, or angry mothers, (2) mothers that make negative comments about their baby, and (3) mothers who do not want to hold or look at their baby. A further study supports the importance of parental behavior toward the newborn by emphasizing the importance of early bonding. If, during this crucial period, the parents show indifference or open hostility or if they have a previous history of child abuse, it may be preferable to release the newborn to foster parents. After the release from the hospital, health care providers can play an important part in stabilizing high risk families by scheduling monthly office visits and by offering guidance on nutrition, accident prevention, and disciplinary problems. Three basic outreach services for detecting child abuse are public health nurses, law health visitors, and child welfare workers. Community and state prevention programs include special courses for adolescent students, parenting classes, Parents Anonymous or Parents United groups, crisis hotlines, and public awareness campaigns. It is concluded that child protective services should be involved only if all other preventive programs fail. A list of 20 references is included.