While correctional education can view its history as one of continued expansion of programs that serve an array of offender needs, the effectiveness of correctional education can be maintained and increased only through planning that (1) sets the goals desired and the means for achieving them, (2) formulates implementation activities, and (3) designs evaluation of activities. Planning must also consider projected changes in the form of corrections; for example, the movement toward decreased incarceration in favor of community-based services for offenders must be an important focus in planning future correctional education systems. The ideal correctional education system for institutionalized juveniles must help clients to develop positive behavior toward self, family, peers, and society. Further, they must be assisted in acquiring the academic and vocational skills necessary for survival. These objectives can be achieved through the proper development and use of staff, functions, hardware, software, facilities, finances, and climate. The overall goal of adult correctional education should be to provide clients with basic skills of communication and computation, interpersonal skills for healthy social relationships, at least entry-level job skills, and the capability of decisionmaking and goalsetting. As with juvenile correctional educational systems, this can be done through the development and use of facilities, staff, finances, hardware/software, and corrections functions so that desired client behaviors are nurtured. References and/or footnotes are provided for each chapter. For separate chapters, see NCJ 74751-53.