Three circumstances for citizen arrests are identified. A private citizen may arrest another citizen for (1) a public offense committed in his or her presence, (2) a felony offense, or (3) a felony offense which the citizen has reasonable cause to believe has occurred. Citizens must turn suspects over to a police officer or bring them before a magistrate without unnecessary delay. The California Penal Code makes it illegal for persons over 18 years of age to refuse to give assistance to a police officer seeking help; officers should utilize this provision only when the assistance of other police officers is not available. Officers may release from custody persons detained under citizens' arrest if they believe there are insufficient grounds or if the person is intoxicated or under the influence of controlled substances and further proceedings are not desirable. Arresting oficers must inform suspects of the intent to arrest, the cause for arrest, and their authority to do so, except when the suspect is engaged in or escaping from a crime of fleeing pursuit. Officers may force entry to a dwelling where they believe a suspect is hiding after demanding admission and stating their purposes. Unannounced entry is permitted if an announced entry would increase danger to the officer or cause evidence to be destroyed. The packet includes a workbook with copies of tests, a unit overview, and an instructor's test answer key. The materials are designed to be used for individualized instruction.