Data were collected through National Institute of Corrections questionnaires which were sent to corrections officials. The survey was conducted to demonstrate that racial data can and should be collected and reported on a regular basis and to stimulate research into patterns of different treatment for white and minority offenders. Tables focus on incarceration rates by State and race; State incarceration rates for whites, blacks, Hispanics, and native Americans; and incarceration rates by race in State and Federal prisons. Since the black incarceration rate is reported to be eight and one-half times that for whites, investigations into the causes of this difference are recommended. Footnotes with source information are included.