Kidnapping activity can be divided into two areas: those crimes which take place with the objective of obtaining a money ransom and those which have political objectives -- although political kidnappings also often include ransom demands. Since the very wealthy and powerful often are too well protected to be kidnapped, these criminals are increasingly choosing less wealthy and powerful targets. Potential victims should make advance preparations for possible attack, including provision of security, establishing procedures to be followed in the event of a successful attempt, and deciding what actions to take during the course of an attempted kidnapping. They should be sensitive to potential threats and willing to follow their instincts in avoiding dangerous situations. If kidnapped, they should maintain their confidence, attempt to exert control over their situation wherever possible, and work with those attempting to rescue them. Negotiations and media relations should be handled by professionals. Rescuers should work with the authorities; the media should avoid sensationalizing the case. After their release, victims need support in reestablishing their lifestyles. Over 35 footnotes are included.