In all three cases, a group of foreign nationals was captured and held for the political purposes of the captors. All three cases also involved military missions designed to extract the hostage group by force. The summary judgments provided are based on documented research, unclassified accounts of the participants in the missions, and media reporting that accompanied or followed the operation. Following synopses of the rescue missions, the rescue efforts are assessed in the areas of diplomatic efforts, intelligence and reconnaissance appraisals, mission force structure and execution, logistics, command, control, and communications. Reaction following the raids is also examined. Results do not argue for a military rescue as the first or preferred response to hostage incidents, because the evidence shows that the risks are unattractively high. Findings indicate that preventive measures can obviate the need for hostage rescue. In each case examined, certain preventive efforts could have thwarted the hostage-taking incident. Hostage rescue in a hostile environment requires the well-honed skills of a professional military team working closely with the political authorities under severe time constraints. A total of 149 notes are listed.