The three types of advocacy described -- individual, case, and community advocacy -- differ with regard to client populations served, arenas, and objectives. They share, however, steps in the advocacy process including defining the problem or issue whether it involves a single client, a group, or a class of clients; determining targets for change; assessing the resources available; assessing the political environment in which advocacy takes place; developing and implementing appropriate advocacy strategies; being aware of how to negotiate and manage conflict; timing advocacy efforts within the context of external events; and following up advocacy efforts to assure that outcomes continue. Qualitative aspects of advocacy practice are also important to each type of advocacy. These include involvement of clients as advocates, viewing the process and obstacles from other peoples' perspectives, providing stake for supporters and opponents in the proposed changes, and engaging in realistic conflict while avoiding unrealistic or symbolic conflict. The direction of policy and practice in juvenile justice can be significantly influenced in the future by persons engaged in advocacy. These advocates can play meaningful roles in defining issues, facilitating change, and assuring that quality services are delivered to youth in trouble. Chapter notes are included.