Criminological emphasis has shifted from psychology to sociology in recent years, due to the lack of clear concepts and methodology in psychological research, the doubtful effectiveness of research applications, and ideological ambiguity. Interactionist psychology offers a viable alternative. In the context of criminology, it is the study of essentially normal interpersonal relationships on the one side and the reaction to so-called delinquent behavior by social groups and society at large on the other. Research themes for interactionist studies could be derived from two levels -- the nonspecific relationship of every person to society and the very specific relationships of persons already caught in the system of social reaction. The objections leveled at interactionism by neo-Marxists should be overcome and the two theoretical viewpoints should be interpreted as complementary rather than competitive. A total of 64 references are given.