The standards cover administration, organization, and management; fiscal management; personnel; training and staff development; management information and research; records; physical plant; and safety and emergency procedures. Additional standards pertain to security and control; special management inmates; food services; sanitation; medical and health care services; inmate rights, rules, and discipline; and communication, mail, and visiting. Other standards focus on reception and orientation, classification, inmate work programs, academic and vocational education, library services, recreation, religious services, social services, release preparation, and volunteers. Of the 495 standards, 44 are classified as mandatory, 388 are essential, and 63 are important. A glossary, a parallel reference table and new weights, references for use with the standards, the American Correctional Association code of ethics and delegate assembly and staff, and an index are included.