The undeveloped state of criminological theory and interference by political interests make successful application almost impossible. Criminological theory must be expanded and made more sophisticated, perhaps by reformulating verbal theories into more rigorous mathematical models. Microlevel theory may be more palatable to the political environment than a macrotheory. In addition, the choice of theory and selection of factors for manipulation must also take the political environment into consideration. Further, an organization's direct political influence can be reduced by developing a nonthreatening work atmosphere. Until social theories are precise, their relational statements clear and complete, and the covert machinations of the political environment dealt with, action programs in criminology will continue to be largely ineffective. Notes, references, and a chart illustrating the translation of theory into policy are supplied. (Author abstract modified)