It begins with a historical overview and mention of the justice concepts found in pre-Columbian cultures. The discussion then covers the fundamental principles of repressive regulation -- the nature of law, procedural guarantees, the application of the law in time and space, and interpretations of the law. The concept of crime is analyzed through legal definitions and offense classification; causes of legal action are outlined, as are the justifiable reasons by which courts can excuse criminal acts. Criminal responsibility is discussed at length, as is recidivism. Correctional sanctions, including penalties that restrict liberty and various alternatives to institutionalization, are also delineated. The concluding chapter concerns reasons for curtailment of correctional penalties. A total of 107 footnotes are provided.