The basic nature of exclusionary rules developed in the United States are discussed, as are the protection of victims and witnesses and special procedures to aid criminal investigation. The criteria for arrest, action after arrest, the right to silence, and confessions in Australia are explained. An examination of problems confronting Asian corrections notes that changing attitudes of prisoners as well as correctional staff may lead to inmate violence unless countermeasures are taken immediately. A review of Swedish criminal law reforms from 1940 to 1979 emphasizes the recent trends in correctional philosophy. Procedures surrounding arrest and pretrial detention in Bangladesh, the use of anticipatory bail in India, and arrest and pretrial detention in Singapore are also covered. Iraq's correctional system since its revolution in 1968, prison conditions and inmate programs in Malaysia, and the probation system in Western Samoa are also described. Chapter reference notes are included. For individual papers, see NCJ-88016-25.