This research should cover the political and economic feasibility of regional jails, since the construction of such jails is likely to be highly controversial. Another focus of research should be on the use of financial incentives or other forms of State subsidies. The studies documenting the serious inadeqacies in jails across the country demonstrate the need for changes in the present system. The majority of jails have no rehabilitation staff and no medical facilities. State-set standards for local jails, the main approach to reform in recent years; will not lead to substantial change unless accompanied by other State actions, as shown by the history of health standards in New York State. Criminal justice researchers should shift their attention somewhat from the role of jails as local criminal justice institutions to the feasibility and merits of policy and intervention strategies to improve jail conditions and services. Thirty-six references are listed.