The presentation of the Iranian representative portrayed the three types of prisons in that country: the common prison, the open prison, and the prison for political prisoners. The open prison is for those convicted of minor crimes. The inmate is free to live with his family and work outside the prison. The inmates in common prisons are provided with education and vocational training. The paper on treatment for drug abusers in Japan addressed these methods: (1) lectures on the consequences of drug abuse, (2) medical observation and treatment to cure addiction, and (3) group discussions. The representative from Indonesia, which does not have a probation system, noted that probation appears to the public and the victim to be too lenient and does not provide sufficiently painful consequences for the offender so as to deter future criminal behavior. The combined sentence of probation, restitution, and community service is recommended. The representative from Micronesia described the probation system in his country, including the work of the probation officer and typical conditions of probation. A Japanese representative suggested that criminal justice agencies and mental hospital staff cooperate in the handling of mentally disordered, dangerous offenders, including the provision of treatment programs by criminal justice agencies after release from mental hospitals. Another paper by a Japanese representative considered urbanization and the volunteer probation officer in Japan.