The model used is based on a body of research findings indicating that work environments have significant impacts on the manner in whch employees function. Data from results of published studies in North America were contrasted with information from several studies of prisons in the Nordic countries as well as some data drawn from the author's interviews with prison staff and inmates. The following work stressors were included in the model as sources of work stress: (1) factors intrinsic to the job task, (2) role in the organization, (3) career development, (4) relations within the organization, (5) organizational structure and climate, and (6) organization interface with the outside environment. The work environment of correctional institutions was found to have significant effects on workers, such that it may be viewed as containing sources of stress and related personal problems. Debilitating factors in the prison work environment include the continuous demand for alertness, a wide social distance between the captives and the keepers, and an often aggravating social isolation. The survey data precluded any assessment of validity or reliability due to the variety of intentions and variables used in the various studies. It is feasible to conclude, however, that stress reactions and role conflict among prison guards cannot be viewed in terms of any single global pattern; i.e., perceptions of guards do not reflect a monolithic profile relative to the determinants included in the model. Further studies focusing on various determinants and levels of stress reaction are in order. The accumulation of such data might more fully test the applicability of the model. Seventy-two references are listed.