The objectives of this study are to (1) obtain complete and accurate data on the current availability and use of bed space in CRC's and CCC's by Federal clients under conditional release in Canada; (2) provide a detailed analysis of this data on a Province by Province basis to identify characteristics and situational factors unique to various regions; (3) determine from this analysis whether current conditional release mechanisms and practices are fair and equitable in the use of both public and private community-based residential centers; (4) specify particular problem areas; and (5) propose solutions to alleviate the identified problem areas. It was found that about 21 percent or 561 of the 2,705 beds in CRC's under contract with CSC are available to CSC, and there are 455 beds available in CCC's. Of the 1,016 CRC and CCC beds available to CSC, 561 or 55 percent are in CRC's and 455 or 45 percent are in CCC's. CSC used 80 percent of all available CRC beds and 86 percent of all beds in CCC's for a combined average daily use of 82 percent in 1981. The provincial analysis revealed considerable variations in the use of the facilities, with the range within CRC's being 50-91 percent, while CCC's varied from 72 to 100 percent. Among the recommendations are that residential per diem rates paid to CRC's be significantly increased to help ensure their continued operation and that efforts continue to assist in the identification of areas where additional bed space is required and to support the development of new CRC's. It is further suggested that all CRC's establish, in consultation with CSC, the number of beds which are available to CSC. The appendixes contain a Solicitor General's memorandum pertaining to the study, an interim Ministry policy on community-based residential centers, and the questionnaire. Tabular data are provided.