An overview notes that any definition of neglect is culturally relative, but that neglect generally is characterized by omission and is likely to be chronic. A method of evaluating the quality of child care, the Chldhood level of Living (CLL) scale, is described. A dynamic view of the neglectful family examines the two most frequent character disorders found in neglectful parents -- the apathy-futility syndrome and the impulse ridden character. It comments that the average neglectful parent compared to nonneglectful parents is more isolated, has fewer social relationships, is less able to control impulses, and is less verbally accessible. Treatment strategies are addressed under two headings: equilibrium maintenance and disequilibration, devices needed for making change. Long-term supplementary treatment options for neglectful families are described, such as supportive counseling, help in managing the environment, day care, homemaker services, and intermittent services to handle special situations. The manual moves to the foster care process in cases of child neglect, with attention to the placement decision and clinical considerations which govern placements of children at different ages. The appendix contains the urban CLL scale and approximately 35 references.