The origins and development of jails in the United States are discussed, and jails in the 1980's are considered. Data indicating that jails have been recognized as vital components in the Nation's criminal justice system are presented. Further, the need for jail officers to understand that courts no longer take a 'hands off' approach to the small details of daily jail operations and procedures is emphasized. The role of the jail officer -- to maintain order and security in a community of nonlaw-abiding citizens by treating them lawfully -- is examined, and ways the jail officer can protect himself against unwanted litigation are considered. Legal rights of inmates are discussed, including freedom of religion; freedom of the press; access to courts, attorneys, and legal materials; and privacy. Components of the security function in a jail setting are described, including admitting the inmate, escorting inmates to court and other institutions, using and maintaining security equipment, and developing security policies, plans, and procedures. The jail officer's medically-related responsibilities are described, and ways are suggested for the officer to win the inmates' confidence and thus enhance management effectiveness. Finally, the importance of good communication skills and effective listening skills are highlighted. A summary and a list of suggested readings accompany each chapter. Also provided are a glossary and numerous illustrative drawings and photographs.