The director of the Federal Bureau of Prisons reports on overcrowding in Federal prisons and steps being taken to deal with it (such as prison construction and the use of alternatives to institutionalization for nondangerous offenders). The executive director of the National Sheriffs' Association testifies about overcrowding in local jails and advocates policies that will limit jail admissions to hardcore recidivists and dangerous offenders. Other witnesses represent the National Institute of Corrections, the National Prison Project, the National Council on Crime and Delinquency, the American Bar Association, the National Coalition for Jail Reform, and the National Association of Counties Research Foundation. Their testimony focuses on ways to address overcrowding in corrections facilities through Federal leadership and aid, prison construction, sentence reform, and the expanded development of alternatives to institutionalization. Appendixes contain supplemental materials.