The discussion of drug production and trafficking in Southwest Asia first considers opium poppy cultivation, heroin and marijuana production, drug trafficking, and drug abuse in Pakistan and Iran. A brief section looks at heroin and marijuana production and trafficking in India. Opiate trafficking in Sri Lanka, Turkey, and Syria is also considered. The review of drug production and trafficking in Lebanon focuses on marijuana, opiates, and cocaine. A brief review of drug trafficking in North African countries Precedes a discussion of the production and trafficking in heroin, marijuana, cocaine, and amphetamines in Western Africa, with particular attention to heroin trafficking in Nigeria. Italy and Spain are singled out for a discussion of drug trafficking and the extent of drug abuse in Europe. Methods of smuggling illicit drugs from Europe to the United States are also described. For Part 2 see NCJ 99235.