The text examines how the problem began in Portland in the 1980's and defines the major characteristics of gangs, the reasons people join skinhead gangs, and the differences between skinhead gangs and other gangs. It details the history and activities of several groups, including the White Aryan Resistance, Christian Identity, and Aryan Nations; possible links between skinheads and the Ku Klux Klan; and skinhead groups and their activities in Europe. The goals and tactics of skinhead groups and effective police and community responses are also detailed. Advice is also provided for victims of skinheads. Photographs and illustrations