Community responsibility for public safety and order has a long history in Indonesia and is promoted by law. The community-involvement tradition, however, is mainly in rural and semi-urban communities. Due to police personnel shortages, the Indonesian police react to citizen requests rather than engage in proactive patrol. The police encourage neighborhoods to patrol their areas. To strengthen community motivation in this program and develop a structure for police-community cooperation in neighborhood patrolling, the Chief of the National Police introduced the "self-motivated safety system." This program has encouraged the use of private police to provide security for public and private buildings. As citizens have viewed volunteer neighborhood patrolling as a hardship, private police have also been employed to patrol residential neighborhoods. Both police and citizens have apparently failed to sustain their motivation in establishing and using a structure of cooperation to facilitate community involvement in crime prevention and crime control. The police must assess their effectiveness in motivating communities to be responsible for crime prevention. 12 footnotes