These programs require that prescribing physicians use a standard prescription form, with one copy for the patient, one copy for their records, and one copy for the State regulatory authority. State officials have concluded that these programs are a cost-effective way of addressing the diversion and illicit use of legitimate prescription drugs, particularly because the greatest diversion to illicit purposes occurs at the level of the pharmacy or the prescribing physician. According to the Drug Enforcement Administration, neither patients nor physicians have made significant complaints regarding such a program's hindering legitimate medical decisions or care. This report describes each State's program with respect to its history and legislative background, administration, reports, staffing, costs, and source of further information. Tables, figures, list of State contacts, and list of Drug Enforcement Administration offices