Risk exists in multiple domains, common risk factors predict diverse problems, and risk factors show consistency in effects across different races and cultures. A social development strategy is illustrated that is based on healthy beliefs, clear standards, attachment and commitment, and individual characteristics. Juvenile crime prevention principles are identified that focus on reducing known risk factors, increasing protective factors, addressing risk factors at appropriate developmental stages, intervening early, including those at greatest risk, and addressing multiple risks with multiple strategies. Data are provided on marijuana and alcohol use by young people, and a risk profile of 12th grade students in Wyandotte County, Kansas, is presented. Risk factors are assessed in terms of program strategies and protective factors. The Federal role in juvenile crime prevention is examined, and a study conducted by the General Accounting Office on the status of local juvenile delinquency prevention projects is included. Three phases of community mobilization to prevent juvenile crime are noted: (1) introduce and involve--define the community, involve key leaders, create a youth development board, and assess community readiness; (2) conduct community assessments and identify gaps; and (3) plan and implement promising responses. References, tables, and figures