Diabetes is an incurable but controllable disease that occurs in a large segment of society. It is sometimes undetected in a medical screening upon entry into the institution. The warning signs of diabetes include but are not limited to an unquenchable thirst, frequent urination, chronic fatigue, sexual impotence, mood swings, vision problems, and small cuts and abrasions that do not heal quickly and properly. At the other extreme is hypoglycemia, a medical emergency that can lead to diabetic coma and death if not treated immediately. Denial of proper diet, excess physical exercise, or a reaction to improper medication or dose can cause hypoglycemia. The two types of diabetes have similar symptoms and their own unique treatments. Actions to assist diabetic inmates include access to blood sugar testing and medication, the provision of a diet that adheres as closely as possible to the orders of the medical department, the availability of snacks, and physical activity. Correctional personnel should also be aware that inmates can deliberately create medical emergencies that could require an outside hospital trip and lead to an escape attempt. Common sense and an understanding of the inmate's needs and problems with diabetes can prevent both legal and medical problems.