The studies reviewed show that a multitude of factors determine the risk of child neglect and the later risk of juvenile delinquency. These factors operate at a number of levels, including the societal, the family, and the individual levels. Clearly, economic factors have a role in child neglect. This review provides evidence that a strong social network can be a protective buffer against neglect. Mothers who have numerous people available to them to offer child care advice and relief, as well as provide emotional support, are less likely to neglect their children than mothers who do not. Child neglect prevention programs should aim to improve the economic well-being of families, reduce the burden of child care, reduce social isolation of parents, increase a parent's knowledge of child development and the demands of parenting, and enhance a parent's skill in coping with the stresses of infant and child care. 9 notes and 76 references