Such crimes include manipulation of stock and commodity markets, schemes that offer fraudulent investments and insurance policies, and schemes that create fraudulent commercial paper. The incident of enterprise crimes is growing because key elements that deter crime are missing from the international commercial environment. The most important element is a working international criminal justice system, and tools used to prevent and deter criminal behavior simply do not work in the international commercial environment. In addition, the most basic foundations of national criminal justice systems do not exist in the international commercial environment. Gaps in the legal and regulatory jurisdiction of countries when transactions involve many countries are considered, particularly in the areas of taxation, securities, bank regulations, and criminal law enforcement. The legal context of international financial fraud and the impact of financial crimes on criminal justice systems are discussed. Complex issues associated with the control of financial crimes are also examined, as well as the issue of punishment and measures that can be taken to deal with such crimes. 8 notes