Illegal immigration into the United States poses unique challenges and occasional dilemmas for law enforcement: (1) What are police officers to do upon encountering people in the country illegally when the Federal Government is unwilling or unable to stem the flow of illegal immigration in other ways? and (2) what can or should officers do about illegal aliens who engage in criminal activity once here? A new issue that may cause problems or complications for law enforcement officers making arrests is knowing when advising arrested persons of their Miranda rights must be supplemented by information on their rights to contact their consulate under the Vienna Convention before making a post-arrest statement.