The first chapter explores the "elusive nature of crime." It examines, among other subjects, the definition of crime, the various sources of information about crime prevalence, and the portrayal of criminal behavior and activity in the Australian news media. Chapter 2 addresses the meaning of "justice" and contrasts two types of justice: retributive and restorative justice. A review of the evolution of the concept of restorative justice is followed by a discussion of restorative justice in practice. After examining the concept of "rights," Chapter 3 considers "rights" for indigenous Australians. A section on juvenile justice considers models of juvenile justice in Australia and the need for family group conferencing in a new approach to juvenile justice. Other chapters consider modern policing, issues facing 21st century policing, punishment theory, punishment practice, victims and justice, and what works in the criminal justice enterprise. Each chapter contains a glossary of terms used in the chapter, suggested learning activities, questions, some resources for further reading and research, and references used in the chapter.