The protocol stipulates that effective action to combat international trafficking in persons, especially women and children, requires a comprehensive international approach in the countries of origin, transit, and destination, including measures to prevent international trafficking, to punish traffickers, and to protect victims and human rights. Despite the existence of a variety of international instruments containing rules and practical measures to prevent the sexual exploitation of women and children, there is no universal instrument that addresses all aspects of trafficking in persons. The protocol is intended to ensure victims of trafficking persons receive appropriate protection, to promote cooperation among United Nations members, to provide as appropriate for the safe and voluntary return of victims to their countries of origin, and to inform and educate the public about the causes and consequences of trafficking in persons. In addition, the protocol addresses the need to provide victims with appropriate legal, medical, psychological, and financial assistance. Other provisions of the protocol deal with victim rehabilitation, law enforcement measures, border controls, and the security and verification of travel documents.