The design of the YLS/CMI reflects conclusions from the most recent research on the correlates of youthful criminal activity and optimal approaches to the treatment of the problem. The instrument is based on extensive research and experience associated with the parent instrument, the Level of Service Inventory - Revised. Support is increasing for the reliability and validity of the measure as used with boys and girls as well as various ethnic groups. The jurisdictions using the measure have generally responded favorably to its use. Probation officers, child care workers, and mental health professionals have found the instrument useful and uncomplicated to administer. Still, although the available psychometric research is encouraging, additional reliability and validity evaluations are needed. Improvement in the assessment of strengths or protective factors would also be desirable. The YLS/CMI is designed to assist the professional in formulating a recommendation or case plan, but not to dictate decisions. One danger in the use of the instrument is "net widening." Assessments of treatment needs may identify risk factors that, although not directly related to criminal activity, may influence a more severe response from the system than would normally be the case. 42 references