The country-of-origin composition of immigrants to the United States between 1980 and 1990 involved 90 percent from Asia, Latin America, and Africa compared with previous generations of immigrants primarily from Europe. This chapter analyzes the health status and health-risk behaviors of a population of adolescents from this "new immigration." Using data from a nationally representative study of adolescents in American schools in grades 7 through 12, the study included immigrant youth who arrived in the United States between 1975 and 1994, along with native-born youth of immigrant parents. These data are compared with data on adolescents from native-born families (native-born youth with native-born parents). The study focused on three dimensions of health: physical health, emotional health, and health-risk behaviors. The clear and consistent finding of this study was that foreign-born youth experienced more favorable physical and emotional health and less involvement in health-risk behaviors than native-born youth of foreign-born parents and native-born youth of native-born parents; this effect held across country-of-origin and ethnic background. The study did not identify factors that could explain this protective health factor for foreign-born youth; other data are required to identify factors such as parenting behaviors, extended kin relationships, and exchange of social resources that might explain the comparative health status of foreign-born youth. Also, the loss of health protection and the increase in psychological distress as ethnic minorities assimilate into American youth culture warrants further research. 28 references