Drug and alcohol abuse problems have plagued correctional systems for decades. The Canadian province of Saskatchewan had the highest crime rate in Canada during 1999 and also had the highest rate of incarceration. The prevalence of drug and alcohol abuse in the correctional system is reviewed, followed by a discussion of the response to the drug and alcohol problem by Saskatchewan Corrections. Four key elements have been identified by Saskatchewan Corrections as necessary for an effective correctional response: prevention, assessment, intervention, and continuum of care. The remainder of the article outlines a series of opportunities regarding each of the four key elements that would strengthen the Saskatchewan Corrections response to the drug and alcohol problem. In terms of prevention opportunities, Saskatchewan Corrections has worked toward more open communication with local police units and the Correctional Service of Canada. Assessment opportunities will focus on sharing information about substance abuse assessments between jurisdictions and organizations, while intervention opportunities involve targeting substance abuse treatment programs to those most motivated to change. Continuum of care opportunities include “halfway-back options” and the establishment of “reintegration” agreements with communities. Finally, the importance of forming meaningful partnerships to most effectively deal with alcohol and drug addiction problems is underscored.