Research on the victimization of inmates in various countries has found that inmates report a significant amount of physical attacks from other inmates; however, there is little official recognition of inmate victimization as a problem since records of such victimization are not generally kept. Research that has focused on male rape in prisons has produced varying results that are confusing and inconsistent. A number of studies have concluded that there is a rape crisis in prisons, but one study (Saum et al. (1995) reported that sexual assaults in prisons are mostly media hype. The current paper concludes that the main problem in ascertaining the prevalence of rape and sexual assaults inside prison is the fact this remains a taboo subject among inmates and staff, and recording and reporting practices in various countries differ significantly. Regarding sexual assaults in German prisons, Duerr's research with ex-prisoners found that a number stated they had been sexually assaulted by fellow inmates and even prison officers. Other German research has found that inmates live in fear of being sexually assaulted or otherwise physically attacked. Based in the belief that victimology has not, to date, sufficiently included the victimization of young prisoners, the current study examined prisoner-on-prisoner victimization in Germany's Hamlin Young Offender Institution. The focus was on young prisoners under the age of 14. The study explored the extent to which young offenders were victimized before imprisonment (i.e., before age 14) and the extent to which the young prisoners were victimized during their imprisonment. They were questioned about being victimized by theft, violent threats, actual physical threats, physical assault, and sexual assault. Some 79.8 percent of the participating inmates stated they had been victims of one or more of these offenses. Regarding assaults, 34.9 percent had been physically assaulted and 5.4 percent had been sexually assaulted. Regarding victimization prior to imprisonment, 41 percent of inmates with low violence potential had been victims of former serious physical threats; 70 percent of those with medium violence potential and 53 percent of those with serious violence potential had equally been victims of physical threats before imprisonment. About half of the interviewees had been victimized at least once during their imprisonment. The type of victimization in prison amounted to fewer than 10 percent of the victims own committed index offenses. This paper suggests that inmate-on-inmate victimization can best be addressed by reducing the prison population and involving inmates in effective rehabilitation programs. 1 table and 82 references